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学术诚信

学术诚信（academic integrity）被描述为学术界的一种道德准则或伦理政策，它通过避免作弊、抄袭和代写（contract cheating）等行为来支持教育价值[1]。它也被描述为涵盖维护学术标准，以及研究和学术出版中的诚实与严谨[2]。

要点

  • 学术诚信被描述为在大多数教育机构中得到实践[3]。
  • 学生在作业前签署的荣誉承诺书（honor pledge）被描述为有助于提高学术诚信[4]。
  • 信息技术的进步被描述为给学术诚信带来了挑战，尤其是抄袭增多，以及网络上低质量资料的使用增多[5]。
  • 目前对于生成式人工智能是否导致学术诚信下降，尚无共识[6]。
  • 一项系统综述将学生不当使用 AI 的动机描述为源于时间压力、伦理界限模糊和机构政策空白等结构性弱点，而非恶意[7]。

大学如何将其付诸实践

学术诚信被写入使命宣言和政策之中[3]。它也被写入程序和荣誉准则之中[4]。它也被描述为会在伦理课上讲授，并在课程大纲中注明[4]。

许多大学在网站上设有专门栏目，说明这一术语对该校的具体含义[4]。一些大学被描述为通过设立学生荣誉委员会（Student Honor Councils），转向一种包容性的方式来激励学术诚信[8]。

技术与生成式人工智能

技术被描述为增加了合作写作的机会，由此引出作者身份如何恰当署名的问题[9]。

生成式人工智能（GenAI）在教育中的普及，被描述为促使全球重新思考有关抄袭和其他违反学术诚信行为的政策与程序[10]。一些学者认为生成式人工智能加剧了学术不端[11]。另一些学者则认为使用这类工具并不自动构成违反学术诚信[12]。

针对学生的研究报告了什么

在一项研究中，60 名沙特英语作为外语（EFL）学生在允许使用 ChatGPT 的机房里完成限时作文[13]。他们约三分之一的写作时间用在 ChatGPT 上，主要用于编辑和头脑风暴，约五分之一的学生严重依赖 AI 生成的文本[13]。较多的照搬与较弱的诚信观念相关，而更多的修改和对政策更清楚的了解则与更强的伦理观念相关[13]。

在对沙特 30 名健康信息学学生的访谈中，参与者表达了对抄袭、来源缺乏透明度和机构政策不明确的担忧[14]。这些发现反映的是个人看法和自述经历，而不是客观测量的结果[14]。

一篇综述指出，核心问题在于认知委托、情感依赖和自我调节减弱等模式，它们可能与学术诚信风险相关[15]。

局限与批评

20 世纪 90 年代的学术不端比率被描述为与 60 年代一样糟糕，在某些情况下甚至更糟[16]。批评者指出，教师为了控制抄袭，把自己当作侦探来对待学生，而不是作为教师、顾问或导师，教与学因此受到干扰[16]。对抄袭的管控重点也被批评为过于法条化[16]。

一项系统综述得出结论：有效整合 AI 需要超越以检测为中心的做法，转向全面的教学再设计[7]。一项关于生成式 AI 介入教育的质量保证的文献计量与范围综述指出，学术诚信在该领域文献中发展有限[17]。

已核查来源: 2026-10-11

参考来源

  1. B Lancaster, Thomas (2019). "The emergence of academic ghost writers from India in the international contract cheating industry" . International Journal of Indian Culture and Business Management . 18 (3) 99281: 349. doi : 10.1504/IJICBM.2019.099281 . ISSN 1753-0806 . inderscience.com; Clarke, R., & Lancaster, T. (2006). Eliminating the successor to plagiarism: Identifying the usage of contract cheating sites . Paper presented at the Second International Plagiarism Conference, The Sage Gateshead, Tyne & Wear, United Kingdom.; Eaton, S. E. (2018). Contract cheating: A Canadian perspective. Retrieved from http://blogs.biomedcentral.com/bmcblog/2018/07/24/contract-cheating-a-canadian-perspective/ blogs.biomedcentral.com (via Wikipedia: Academic integrity)
  2. C Alison Kirk (1996-11-30), Learning and the marketplace , SIU Press, ISBN 9780809320929 books.google.com (via Wikipedia: Academic integrity)
  3. B Bretag, Tracey; Mahmud, Saadia; Wallace, Margaret; Walker, Ruth; James, Colin; Green, Margaret; East, Julianne; McGowan, Ursula; Patridge, Lee (2011-12-12). "Core elements of exemplary academic integrity policy in Australian higher education" . International Journal for Educational Integrity . 7 (2). doi : 10.21913/IJEI.v7i2.759 . hdl : 1959.13/1064305 . ISSN 1833-2595 . ojs.unisa.edu.au; Eaton, Sarah Elaine (2017). "Comparative Analysis of Institutional Policy Definitions of Plagiarism: A Pan-Canadian University Study" . Interchange . 48 (3): 271– 281. doi : 10.1007/s10780-017-9300-7 . hdl : 1880/106472 . ISSN 0826-4805 . S2CID 254570492 . link.springer.com; Glendinning, I. (2013). Comparison of policies for Academic Integrity in Higher Education across the European Union . Retrieved from http://ketlib.lib.unipi.gr/xmlui/bitstream/handle/ket/814/Comparison%20of%20policies%20for%20Academic%20Integrity%20in%20Higher%20Education%20across%20the%20European%20Union.pdf?sequence=2 ketlib.lib.unipi.gr (via Wikipedia: Academic integrity)
  4. B Tatum, Holly; Schwartz, Beth M. (2017-04-03). "Honor Codes: Evidence Based Strategies for Improving Academic Integrity". Theory into Practice . 56 (2): 129– 135. doi : 10.1080/00405841.2017.1308175 . ISSN 0040-5841 . S2CID 152268649 . doi.org (via Wikipedia: Academic integrity)
  5. C "The Netherlands Code of Conduct for Academic Practice" (PDF) . Association of Universities in the Netherlands (VSNU). 2014. vsnu.nl (via Wikipedia: Academic integrity)
  6. C Generative AI in Higher Education Teaching & Learning: Policy Framework (PDF) (Report). Higher Education Authority. December 2025 . Retrieved 10 May 2026 . hea.ie (via Wikipedia: Academic integrity)
  7. A Abdellatif MS, Alshehri MA, Lamouchi A, Rahmath M, Nemt-Allah MA. Reimagining writing assessment for the AI era: a systematic review on balancing AI support and authentic skill growth. Front Psychol. 2026. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1809174
  8. B Pavela, Gary (Summer 1997), "Applying the Power of Association on Campus: A Model Code of Academic Integrity", Journal of College and University Law (PDF), 24 (1). (via Wikipedia: Academic integrity)
  9. C Tricia Gallant, "Twenty-First Century Forces Shaping Academic Integrity", Academic Integrity in the Twenty-First Century , pp. 65– 78 (via Wikipedia: Academic integrity)
  10. B Kumar, Rahul; Eaton, Sarah Elaine; Mindzak, Michael; Morrison, Ryan (2024). "Academic Integrity and Artificial Intelligence: An Overview" . Second Handbook of Academic Integrity . Springer International Handbooks of Education. pp. 1583– 1596. doi : 10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_153 . ISBN 978-3-031-54143-8 . doi.org; Newton, Philip M. (2024). "Guidelines for Creating Online MCQ-Based Exams to Evaluate Higher Order Learning and Reduce Academic Misconduct" . Second Handbook of Academic Integrity . Springer International Handbooks of Education. pp. 269– 285. doi : 10.1007/978-3-031-54144-5_93 . ISBN 978-3-031-54143-8 . doi.org; Perkins, Mike; Roe, Jasper (2024). "Decoding Academic Integrity Policies: A Corpus Linguistics Investigation of AI and Other Technological Threats" . Higher Education Policy . 37 (3): 633– 653. doi : 10.1057/s41307-023-00323-2 . doi.org (via Wikipedia: Academic integrity)
  11. C Abd-Elaal, E.-S., Gamage, S. H. P. W., & Mills, J. E. (2019). Artificial intelligence is a tool for cheating academic integrity AAEE 2019 Annual Conference, https://aaee.net.au/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/AAEE2019_Annual_Conference_paper_180.pdf aaee.net.au; Young, J. R. (2020, February 12). Are algorithmically generated term papers the next big challenge to academic integrity? EdSurge . https://www.edsurge.com/news/2020-02-12-are-algorithmically-generated-term-papers-the-next-big-challenge-to-academic-integrity edsurge.com (via Wikipedia: Academic integrity)
  12. B Eaton, Sarah Elaine (2023). "The Academic Integrity Technological Arms Race and its Impact on Learning, Teaching, and Assessment" . Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology . 48 (2). doi : 10.21432/cjlt28388 . doi.org; Lancaster, T. (2022, September 9). Adapting to artificial intelligence: The future of academic integrity European Network for Academic Integrity (ENAI), https://www.slideshare.net/ThomasLancaster/adapting-to-artificial-intelligence-the-future-of-academic-integrity-european-network-for-academic-integrity slideshare.net (via Wikipedia: Academic integrity)
  13. B Alsadoon R. Perceptions vs. practices: academic integrity and actual ChatGPT use among EFL students. Front Psychol. 2026. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1796737
  14. B Alhur AA, Al-Kahtani NK. Generative Artificial Intelligence in Health Informatics Education: A Qualitative Exploration of Student Engagement, Perceived Educational Implications, and Ethical Considerations. Adv Med Educ Pract. 2026. doi:10.2147/amep.s631797
  15. A He X, Li S, Cha R, Wang L, Shen Y, Wu R, et al.. Artificial intelligence dependency in college students: a critical narrative review. Front Psychol. 2026. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1808268
  16. B "Moral Panic: The Contemporary Context of Academic Integrity", ASHE Higher Education Report (PDF), 33 (5): 1– 143, 2008, doi : 10.1002/aehe.3305 . doi.org (via Wikipedia: Academic integrity)
  17. A López-Acosta DY, Pacheco-Mendoza SR, Alvarado-Jaramillo DJ, Zurita-Flores PR. Quality assurance in generative AI-mediated education: a bibliometric and scoping review. Front Artif Intell. 2026. doi:10.3389/frai.2026.1844517